THE
CLIMATE
Hong Kong is situated on the southeast coast of China, close
to the Pearl River estuary and the former Portuguese enclave
of Macau. It is located at roughly the same latitude as the
Bahamas, Hawaii and Mexico City. Sandwiched between
Guangdong province and the South China Sea, Hong Kong
has a sub-tropical climate, with an average annual rainfall of
2,214.3 millimetres.
November and December - usually the best months to visit
Hong Kong - are generally warm and sunny with cool
breezes (think Hawaii). The coldest months are January and
February, when the temperature can drop at times below 10
degrees Celsius in the urban areas. Although Hong Kong
almost never sees snow, rare sub-zero temperatures
sometimes bring frost in the northern New Territories and ice
in mountainous areas. In March and April both the
temperature and humidity levels rise, typically resulting in
high humidity and mist on high ground. The summer months
from May through August are hot and very humid – 30degrees Celsius
plus in the daytime, falling to around 26
degrees at night, and up to 99 percent relative humidity.
Rainfall, although sporadic, can be very heavy (torrential at
times). More often than not, September through October is a
pleasant time of the year, fresh breezes often mitigating the
still-high temperatures. From May through November Hong
Kong is subject to tropical cyclones and typhoons,
September being the most prone to these adverse weather
conditions. Most tropical cyclones blow through or close by
Hong Kong with little serious damage, but when a tropical
storm burgeons into a typhoon with winds approaching 120
kilometres an hour, it’s time to batten down the hatches and
hang on. Tropical cyclones and typhoons are monitored by
the Hong Kong Observatory, and when the number 8
Typhoon Signal is hoisted and announced – heralding the
close proximity of an approaching typhoon – schools close
and people are released from the workplace in time to enable
them to get home and prepare for the onslaught before public transport
stops. Preparations include taking in plants and anything else moveable
from the balcony, rooftop or garden, and fitting typhoon shutters to
the windows, or taping them over to minimise damage from broken glass
– very necessary precautions against the possibility of a direct
hit from a powerful typhoon. The approach of a typhoon is typically
preceded by fine, hot and very calm weather. As the typhoon draws nearer,
winds pick up and heavy rainfall is likely, both reaching alarming proportions
if the typhoon scores a direct hit or near miss. Torrential rainfall
during and
immediately after a typhoon frequently causes flooding and
landslips, both hazardous to the unfortunate, unwary or
reckless. Fortunately, although tropical cyclones are not
uncommon (on average about 30 a year), devastating
typhoons are rare.